A neutral citation is a unique court-assigned reference number for a judgment in a common law jurisdiction.

A typical neutral citation is composed of the following three elements:

• Year
• Jurisdiction and Court
• unique case number

To which may sometimes be added a fourth element

• Division or List (optional)

Thus a typical neutral citation for the Chancery Division of the High Court of England and Wales would be:

[2017] EWHC 123 (Ch)