Court of Justice of the European Union
DC v HJ
(Case C-97/22)
EU:C:2023:413
2023 May 17
President of the Chamber M Safjan
Judges N Piçarra (Rapporteur), N Jääskinen
Advocate General G Pitruzzella
Consumer protectionDistance and off-premises contractsInformation requirementRight of withdrawalConsumer not bound by off-premises contract because of trader’s failure to provide him with information about right of withdrawalConsumer withdrawing after performance of contractWhether consumer under any liability to pay for benefit received Parliament and Council Directive 2011/83/EU, arts 6(1), 14(5)

The consumer concluded a contract with the trader for the renovation of the electrical installations in his house. It being an off-premises contract, under the domestic legislation implementing Directive 2011/83/EU the consumer had a right of withdrawal from the contract. The trader did not comply with the obligation under the domestic provision implementing article 6 of the Directive to provide the consumer with information about that right, with the result that the consumer was not bound by the contract. The trader did the work agreed, but the consumer refused to pay its invoice and withdrew from the contract. The assignee of the trader’s rights under the contract brought a claim before the referring court seeking payment of the contract price. Although article 14(5) of the Directive provided that the consumer could not incur any liability as a consequence of the exercise of the right of withdrawal, the referring court was uncertain whether it precluded any entitlement to make payment where the consumer had had the benefit of performance of the contract. Accordingly, it stayed the proceedings and referred a question to the Court of Justice of the European Union for a preliminary ruling as to the interpretation of article 14(5).

On the reference—

Held, the consumer protection objective of Directive 2011/83/EU would be undermined if a consumer incurred costs, other than those provided by the Directive, as a result of exercising his or her right of withdrawal from an off-premises contract. Accordingly, where a trader did not comply with the information requirement and the consumer exercised his or her right of withdrawal after the performance of the contract, the consumer was under no obligation to pay for performance (paras 31, 34, operative part).

M Höffken, Rechtsanwalt for the assignee.

B-R Killmann, I Rubene, agents, for the European Commission.

Victoria Wheen, Solicitor

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